Ancient Era

Ur-Nanshe

MESOPOTAMIAN RULERS

c. 2500 BCE

fl. c. 2500 BCE

Entemena

MESOPOTAMIAN RULERS

2400–2300 BCE

fl. c. 2400 BCE

Urukagina

MESOPOTAMIAN RULERS

2400–2300 BCE

fl. 24th century BCE

Enheduanna

MESOPOTAMIAN RULERS

2400–2300 BCE

c. 2285–2250 BCE

Gudea

MESOPOTAMIAN RULERS

c. 2150–2047 BCE

fl. 22nd century BCE

Ur-Nammu

MESOPOTAMIAN RULERS

c. 2150–2047 BCE

reigned c. 2112–2094 BCE

Shulgi

MESOPOTAMIAN RULERS

c. 2150–2047 BCE

reigned c. 2094–2047 BCE

Hammurabi

MESOPOTAMIAN RULERS

1792–1750 BCE

reigned c. 1792–1750 BCE

Ashurbanipal

MESOPOTAMIAN RULERS

668–539 BCE

reigned 668–c. 631 BCE

Nabonidus

MESOPOTAMIAN RULERS

668–539 BCE

reigned 556–539 BCE

Ptahhotep

OFFICIALS OF EGYPT

2400 BCE

fl. c. 2400 BCE

Senusret III

PHARAOHS OF EGYPT

1899–1839 BCE

reigned c. 1878–1839 BCE

Hatshepsut

PHARAOHS OF EGYPT

15th–14th century BCE

reigned c. 1473–1458 BCE

Amenhotep III

PHARAOHS OF EGYPT

15th–14th century BCE

reigned 14th century BCE

Ramesses II

PHARAOHS OF EGYPT

1303–1213 BCE

c. 1303–1213 BCE

Nefertari

PHARAOHS OF EGYPT

1303–1213 BCE

died c. 1255 BCE

Khaemwaset

PHARAOHS OF EGYPT

1303–1213 BCE

13th century BCE

Gṛtsamada

VEDIC SEERS

c. 1500–1000 BCE

Rigvedic period, c. 1500–1000 BCE

Viśvāmitra

VEDIC SEERS

c. 1500–1000 BCE

Rigvedic period, c. 1500–1000 BCE

Vāmadeva

VEDIC SEERS

c. 1500–1000 BCE

Rigvedic period, c. 1500–1000 BCE

Atri

VEDIC SEERS

c. 1500–1000 BCE

Rigvedic period, c. 1500–1000 BCE

Bharadvāja

VEDIC SEERS

c. 1500–1000 BCE

Rigvedic period, c. 1500–1000 BCE

Vasiṣṭha

VEDIC SEERS

c. 1500–1000 BCE

Rigvedic period, c. 1500–1000 BCE

Agastya

VEDIC SEERS

c. 1500–1000 BCE

Rigvedic period, c. 1500–1000 BCE

Lopāmudrā

VEDIC SEERS

c. 1500–1000 BCE

Rigvedic period, c. 1500–1000 BCE

Ghoṣā

VEDIC SEERS

c. 1500–1000 BCE

Rigvedic period, c. 1500–1000 BCE

Homer

PHILOSOPHERS & POETS

8th–7th century BCE

traditionally 8th century BCE

Hesiod

PHILOSOPHERS & POETS

8th–7th century BCE

active c. 700 BCE

Sappho

PHILOSOPHERS & POETS

570–475 BCE

c. 630–c. 570 BCE

Xenophanes

PHILOSOPHERS & POETS

570–475 BCE

c. 570–c. 475 BCE

Numa Pompilius

KINGS OF ROME

753–509 BCE

753–673 BCE (traditional)

Yājñavalkya

SAGES OF THE UPANISHADS

c. 700–500 BCE

Upanishadic period, c. 700–500 BCE

Maitreyī

SAGES OF THE UPANISHADS

c. 700–500 BCE

Upanishadic period, c. 700–500 BCE

Gārgī Vācaknavī

SAGES OF THE UPANISHADS

c. 700–500 BCE

Upanishadic period, c. 700–500 BCE

Solon

HELLENIC SAGES

630–470 BCE

c. 630–c. 558 BCE

Thales

HELLENIC SAGES

630–470 BCE

c. 624–c. 546 BCE

Anaximander

HELLENIC SAGES

630–470 BCE

c. 610–c. 546 BCE